Most of these terms- error, defect, fault, failure and bugs are used interchangeably but there is difference between them. Some of these terms are very much different from others.
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Error
An error is a mistake made by human that leads to discrepancy between the actual and the expected result.
Defect
A defect is a problem in the functioning of a software system during testing. ISTQB defines a defect as “A flaw in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function, e.g., an incorrect statement or data definition.”
Fault
A fault is an incorrect step, process or data definition in a software product.
Bug
A bug is a flaw in a software system that causes the system to behave in an unintended manner.
Failure
A failure is the inability of a software system to perform its operations within the specified performance benchmark. As per ISTQB, “a defect, if encountered during execution, may cause a failure of the component or system”.
So, we can say that a mistake made by humans during coding is called error, an error found during the testing phase is called a defect, a defect to be resolved by the development team is called a bug and when a build does not meet its specifications then it is termed as failure.
More Difference Between
Kuldeep is the founder and lead author of ArtOfTesting. He is skilled in test automation, performance testing, big data, and CI-CD. He brings his decade of experience to his current role where he is dedicated to educating the QA professionals. You can connect with him on LinkedIn.
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